Which of the following describes haloalkanes?

Haloalkanes are indeed defined as organic compounds that contain at least one halogen atom (such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine) bonded to a carbon atom. This characteristic is what sets them apart from other types of organic compounds. The presence of the halogen significantly influences the chemical behavior and properties of haloalkanes, making them important in various chemical reactions and applications.

Additionally, the other options describe different functional groups or characteristics not applicable to haloalkanes. For example, compounds with an alcohol functional group (option A) contain hydroxyl (-OH) groups instead of halogens. Compounds with a carboxylic acid functional group (option C) possess a carboxyl (-COOH) group, which is distinctly different from haloalkanes. Finally, while haloalkanes can have only single bonds, this statement is not exclusive to them, as many other organic compounds also contain only single bonds, including alkanes. Therefore, option B accurately captures the essential definition of haloalkanes.