Which of the following statements is true about primary alcohols?

Primary alcohols are characterized by having the hydroxyl (-OH) functional group attached to a carbon that is only connected to one other carbon. This structure significantly influences their reactivity in comparison to secondary and tertiary alcohols.

The statement identifying that primary alcohols are least reactive compared to secondary and tertiary alcohols is true due to the nature of their molecular structure. Secondary alcohols have the hydroxyl group attached to a carbon that is bonded to two other carbons, and tertiary alcohols have it connected to a carbon that is attached to three other carbons. As the number of carbon groups attached increases, the steric hindrance around the hydroxyl group also increases, making it easier for secondary and tertiary alcohols to undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions or elimination reactions.

In terms of reactivity towards common reagents or chemical transformations, primary alcohols tend to require stronger conditions or may proceed more slowly than their secondary or tertiary counterparts, which can undergo reactions more readily due to their increased steric effects and ability to stabilize transition states or intermediates.

Considering this context, the other options do not accurately represent the properties of primary alcohols. The statement about going cloudy in cHCl/ZnCl2 pertains more to specific reactions typical of secondary and